Augmentative & Alternative Communication Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) includes all forms of communication (other than oral speech) that are used to express thoughts, needs, wants, and ideas. AAC can include the use of facial expressions, signs/gestures, symbols or pictures, or writing, or more dynamic forms such as the use of high tech or low tech electronic devices.
Both adults and children with severe speech or language difficulties rely on AAC to supplement existing speech or replace speech that is not functional. The use of both high tech and low tech communication aides such as picture and/or symbol communication boards, electronic devices, et cetera, are available to help people express themselves. The use of such aides may serve to increase social interaction, school performance, and feelings of self-worth. AAC devices and aides are used to enhance communication, not to completely replace oral speech if it is present. The use of AAC provides the communicatior with the “power of communication.”
There are two types of AAC systems: unaided communication systems and aided communication systems. Unaided communication systems- rely on the user’s body to convey messages. Examples include gestures, body language, and/or sign language.
Aided communication systems -require the use of tools or equipment in addition to the user’s body. Aided communication methods can range from paper and pencil to communication books or boards to devices that produce voice output (speech generating devices or SGD’s) and/or written output. Electronic communication aids allow the user to use picture symbols, letters, and/or words and phrases to create messages. Some devices can be programmed to produce different spoken languages.
AAC may be used for the population of children and adults that may present with difficulties in the following areas:
- Listening Comprehension
- Oral Expression
- Communication Disorders
- Developmental Delays in Communication
- Auditory Processing Disorders
- Traumatic Brain Injuries
- Mental Retardation
- Deafness & Hardness of Hearing
- Autism
- Apraxia
- Aphasia
[adapted from the definition of AAC the American Speech-Language and Hearing Association (ASHA]]